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DOI : 10.17693/yunusae.v16i21960.235785 Viewed : 3032 - Downloaded : 1957 In the present study, seasonal variations of phytoplankton and pigment composition from May 2014 to April 2015 were investigated along the south-eastern coasts (Rize) of the Black Sea. Surface (0,5 m) water samples were collected from five different stations (Iyidere, Rize, Cayeli, Pazar and Findikli station) during the study period. A total of 71species were identified during the study period, 41 species of these were dinoflagellate species, 18 species were diatoms and 12 species were other groups (silicoflagellate, euglenophyta, prymnesiophyta, chlorophyta etc.). In terms of species numbers, dinoflagellates contributed to 57,76% of the total phytoplankton species. Diatoms were the second important group with the contribution of 25,35% to the total phytoplankton species, and followed other groups with 16,89%. The dominant pigment in the area was chlorophyll-a (mean 1,57 μg/L) revealed a consistency with phytoplankton cell numbers. The second prominent pigment was fucoxanthin (mean 0,35 μg/L) and followed by 19-Hexanoyloxifucxanthin (mean 0,24 μg/L) and peridinin (mean 0,21 μg/L). The positive relationships between cell number and pigment concentrations revealed that these marker pigments can be used for taxonomic characterisation of phytoplankton groups. Keywords : Black Sea,Phytoplankton,Chlorophyll-a,Fucoxanthin,19`-Hexanoyloxifucoxanthin