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DOI : 10.17693/yunus.34769 Viewed : 3107 - Downloaded : 1561 The distribution of the fish fauna and some diagnostic characteristics of the species in the region of Adıyaman located in the Euphrates basin were identified between July 2012 and December 2013. A total of 649 fish samples were obtained using by electroshocker and gillnets from 3 natural lakes, 2 reservoir and 10 streams. Totally, 26 taxa belonging to 8 families were identified and these are Mastacembelus mastacembelus, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius gibelio, Acanthobrama marmid, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Alburnus caeruleus, Alburnus mossulensis, Squalius berak, Cyprinion macrostomum, Garra rufa, Chondrostoma regium, Aspius vorax, Arabibarbus grypus, Carasobarbus luteus, Barbus lacerta, Luciobarbus mystaceus, Caopeta trutta, Capoeta damascina, Cobitis elazigensis, Oxynemacheilus frenatus, Oxynemacheilus kaynaki, Silurus triostegus, Glyptothorax kurdistanicus, Aphanius mento, Liza abu, Oncorhyncus mykiss. From these, M. mastacembelus, A. marmid, A. bipunctatus, A. caeruleus, A. mossulensis, S. berak, C. macrostomum, A. vorax, C. luteus, B. lacerta, L. mystaceus, C. elazigensis, O. kaynaki, O. fenatus, S. triestegus, A. grypus were endemic species. A. grypus, A. marmid, Liza abu and Silurus triostegus were only determined in the lentic systems. Capoeta damascina, Cyprinion macrostomum and Garra rufa were the dominant fish species and they have wide distribution area in the region. However, Aphanius mento were only found in a canal connected to Lake Gölbaşı. Keywords : Fish fauna,Adıyaman region